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1.
Arch. endocrinol. metab. (Online) ; 67(4): e000605, Mar.-Apr. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1439221

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate the influence of isolated and associated prepregnancy obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on adverse perinatal outcomes. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional observational study with women who delivered at a Brazilian Maternity Hospital, between August and December 2020. Data were collected by interview with application form, and medical records. Sample was stratified by body mass index (BMI) and GDM screening in four groups: no obesity (BMI < 30 kg/m2) no GDM - reference; isolated GDM; isolated obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2); and obesity with GDM. Preeclampsia (PE), cesarean section (CS), large-for-gestational-age (LGA) newborn and admission to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were analyzed by odds ratio (OR) adjusted for confounding factors, adopting 95% confidence interval (CI) and P < 0.05 statistically significant. Results: From 1,618 participants, isolated obesity group (233/14.40%) had high chance of PE (OR = 2.16; CI: 1.364-3.426; P = 0.001), isolated GDM group (190/11.74%) had high chance of CS (OR = 1.736; CI: 1.136-2.652; P = 0.011) and NICU admission (OR = 2.32; CI: 1.265-4.261; P = 0.007), and obesity with GDM group (121/7.48%) had high chance of PE (OR = 1.93; CI: 1.074-3.484; P = 0.028), CS (OR = 1.925; CI: 1.124-3.298; P = 0.017) and LGA newborn (OR = 1.81; CI: 1.027-3.204; P = 0.040), compared with reference (1,074/66.38%). Conclusion: Obesity and GDM enhances the chance of different negative outcomes, worsening this prognosis when associated.

2.
ACM arq. catarin. med ; 39(1)jan.-mar. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-663064

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Avaliar a prevalência do vírus HIV nas gestantes, a taxa de transmissão vertical (TV) e a perda de seguimento dos recém-nascidos (RNs). Sujeitos e métodos: Estudo coorte retrospectivo. Foram avaliadas as notificações das gestantes HIV+ na cidade de Joinville, no período de janeiro de 2000 à julho de 2006, as gestantes foram rastreadas para o HIVdurante o pré-natal ou no momento do parto. Foi recomendado o AZT, conforme o protocolo ACTG 076, indica-se cesariana eletiva nos casos selecionados e contraindicada a amamentação. Os RNs foram seguidosaté 18 meses pós-parto e considerou-se perda de seguimento a interrupção do acompanhamento. Resultados: No período, foram realizados 53.936 partos, 305 gestantes confirmaram o diagnóstico de HIV,resultando em uma prevalência de 0,56%. Dessas, 283 tiveram RN vivos. A perda do seguimento dos RNs foi de 64 (22.6%) casos. Nos RNs acompanhados até 18 meses, encontrou-se uma taxa de TV de 5.47%. Naanálise anual das taxas de TV, nota-se que em 2006 houve maior perda de seguimento (p<0.001), enquanto que os demais anos não apresentam diferença entre si (p=0,365). Em relação à positividade para HIV no RN aos 18 meses, ressalta-se que não houve diferença (p=0,265)entre os anos estudados. O ano (2000) com maior taxa de TV (15%) foi o de menor perda de seguimento (5%), e o ano de 2006, de menor taxa de TV (0%) foi o de maior perda de seguimento (62,5%). Conclusão: Encontrou-se uma prevalência de 0,56%, uma taxa de TV de 5,47% e uma perda de seguimento de 22,6%.


Objectives: To assess the prevalence of HIV in pregnant women, the rate of vertical transmission (VT) and loss to follow-up of newborns (NB).Participants and Methods: It is a retrospective cohort study. Reports of HIV positive pregnant women in the city of Joinville, from January 2000 to July 2006 were assessed. Pregnant women were screened for HIV during prenatal care or during delivery. AZT was recommended in compliance with ACTG 076 protocol. Elective cesarean section in the selected cases is indicated. Breastfeeding is contraindicated. Newborn follow up took place until 18 months after delivery. Loss to follow up was defined as the interruption of monitoring. Results: In the study period, a total of 53.936 births took place, out of which 305 (0.56%) pregnant women were HIV positive, totaling a prevalence of 0.56%. Two hundred eighty three of them delivered NB. Loss to follow-up took place in 64 cases (22.6%). In those NB monitored up to 18 months a VT rate of 5.47% was found. Analysis of yearly VT rates shows that higher loss to follow up took place in 2006 (p<0.001), whereas the other years show no difference among them(p=0.365). With regards to HIV positive NB at 18 months, no difference was found (p=0.265) among the years analyzed. The year (2000) with the highest VT rate (15%) was the one with the lowest loss to follow up (5%). The year (2006) with the lowest VT rate (0%) was the onewith the highest loss to follow up (62.5%). Conclusion: A prevalence of 0.56%, a VT rate of 5.47% and a loss to follow-up of 22.6% were found.

3.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 31(1): 5-9, jan. 2009. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-509876

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: avaliar os fatores relacionados à presença de recém-nascidos grandes para a idade gestacional nas gestantes com diabetes mellitus gestacional. MÉTODOS: no período de janeiro de 2004 a julho de 2006, foram selecionadas, retrospectivamente, 157 gestantes que apresentavam diabete mellitus gestacional e estavam em acompanhamento. Esse grupo foi dividido em dois subgrupos: um com recém-nascidos de peso adequado para a idade gestacional (n=136) e outro com recém-nascidos grandes para a idade gestacional (n=21). Foram comparadas as características maternas nos dois grupos. Para a análise da hipótese de igualdade entre a média dos dois grupos, utilizou-se o teste t de Student. E para que se testasse a homogeneidade dos grupos em relação às proporções, foi utilizado o teste do χ2. RESULTADOS: os grupos não apresentaram diferença significativa quanto à idade materna, índice de massa corporal, ganho de peso durante a gestação, número de gestações anteriores, glicemia de jejum no teste oral de tolerância à glicose após a ingestão de 75 g (TOTG 75 g), idade gestacional no momento do parto, valores glicêmicos durante o tratamento e o tipo de tratamento utilizado (p>0,05). No grupo com recém-nascidos grandes para a idade gestacional, observou-se valor de glicemia de duas horas no TOTG 75 g maior (p=0,02), a idade gestacional de início de tratamento maior (p=0,02), e um número menor de consultas realizadas no serviço (p<0,01). Ajustando-se a um modelo de regressão logística, foi encontrado, no valor da glicemia de duas horas do TOTG 75 g, o fator de maior importância (p<0,01) na predição de recém-nascidos grandes para a idade gestacional. CONCLUSÕES: os fatores que se relacionam melhor com a ocorrência de recém-nascidos grandes para a idade gestacional foram o início tardio do tratamento e, consequentemente, o menor número de consultas e, principalmente, o maior valor da glicemia de duas horas no TOTG 75 g.


PURPOSE: to evaluate factors related to the presence of neonatal macrosomia in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. METHODS: 157 pregnant women presenting gestational diabetes mellitus in follow-up were retrospectively selected from January 2004 to July 2006. This group has been divided into two subgroups: one with newborns with weight in accordance with the gestational age (n=136) and another with macrosomic newborns (n=21). Maternal characteristics have been compared between the groups. The t-Student test was used for the analysis of equality hypothesis between the averages of the two groups, and chi-square test, to check the groups' homogeneity concerning ratios. RESULTS: the groups did not show any significant difference concerning the gestational age, body mass index, weight gain along the gestation, number of previous pregnancies, fast glycemia in the oral glucose tolerance test after the ingestion of 75 g (TOTG 75 g), gestational age at delivery, glycemic values during the treatment, and the type of treatment used (p>0.05). In the group with neonatal macrosomia, there was a higher two-hour-glycemia in the TOTG 75 g (p=0.02), higher gestational age at the treatment onset (p=0.02), and a lower number of appointments at the health service (p<0.01). When adjusted to a logistic regression model, the most important factor (p<0.01) found to predict neonatal macrosomia was the two-hour-glycemia in the TOTG 75 g. CONCLUSIONS: the factors more frequently related to neonatal macrosomia were late treatment onset and, consequently, lower number of appointments and chiefly, high two-hour-glycemia in the TOTG 75 g.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Diabetes, Gestational , Fetal Macrosomia/etiology , Hyperglycemia/diagnosis , Birth Weight , Chi-Square Distribution , Gestational Age , Logistic Models , Retrospective Studies
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